Balaram Bridge

• Poor detailing so that high stress concentrations are present.
• Lack of strict quality control during execution.
• Foundation movements due to scour, earth pressure and seismic activity.
• Malfunctioning & damage of expansion joint.
• Inadequate provision for movement due to temporary shrinkage and creek resulting in excessive displacement of bearing.
• Beyond traffic loading beyond what was anticipated by the designers.
• An unexpected secondary structural action.
• Inadequate analysis of complex stresses.
• Lack of preventive routine maintenance.